A significant portion of our science curriculum consists of the biology of bones and their pathological conditions, and a major part of the television ads have been based upon their cure with supplements. However, the most overused terms you'd constantly hear are calcium, vitamin D, and the deficiency of calcium. There's nothing improper about these terms being overused, but the concern is that there's an elevated possibility that they are being overlooked.

Before digging in-depth into calcium deficiency, reviewing the basics would enable you to recall and retain the information with the utmost ease. Commencing with vitamins, are a bunch of organic molecules required for the growth of the body. "Vitamin D" is a group of vitamins that are also called fat-soluble vitamins, are naturally found in many foods, and are also synthesized in the body. Unlike vitamin D, vitamin D-3 is the natural form and is created in the body when there's an occurrence of a chemical reaction as soon as the sunlight hits the skin. It starts when the steroid 7-dehydrocholesterol of the skin is broken down by the sun's UVB light into vitamin D3. The beneficial roles of vitamin D3 are bone mineralization, calcium homeostasis, modulation of innate and adaptive immunity, cardiovascular function, and proliferation and differentiation both normal and malignant. Now that we have an idea about vitamin D3, let's analyze what calcium is. "Calcium" is a mineral required for healthy teeth, bones, and other tissues. Since it is not produced in the body, it should be absorbed from the diet. The typical functions of calcium are: initiation and regulation of responses of the central nervous system to injury, as it is needed for communication between the brain and other parts of the body; building and maintaining strong bones; Muscle movement, cardiovascular function, improving cholesterol, and clotting of blood Considering what we have learned so far, a question that seems to fill curiosity is: WHY do the words Vitamin D3 and Calcium appear together as if they're companions?

This is due to the fact that they work on the principle of codependency, which means they work together with each other. "Vitamin D3" from sunlight is inactive until it goes to the liver and kidney to become calcifediol and calcitriol, respectively, and "Calcium" requires calcitriol for its own absorption and utilization, resulting in strong bones and other biological functions. Therefore, when the body lacks calcium, it leads to a calcium deficiency. Regardless, what causes the bones to suffer from low levels of calcium? This is because the human body requires a daily intake of 1000 milligrams of calcium, which cannot be produced by the body itself and must be obtained through diet. If a person fails to consume enough calcium through their diet, the parathyroid gland detects low levels of calcium in the blood. In response, the parathyroid hormone is released to maintain normal calcium levels in the bloodstream. However, when the body lacks calcium, the parathyroid hormone signals the bones to release calcium, which restores the calcium levels in the bloodstream to normal. If this process is repeated, the bones can lose a massive amount of calcium (known as calcium deficiency) just to normalize the calcium levels in the bloodstream, leading to weak bones and joints.

Finally, there's relief that this problem could be easily maintained if we take the daily required amount of calcium through diet or supplements so that there is no loss of calcium from bones.

In conclusion, it is crucial to acknowledge the background of the subject so that it becomes feasible to spread the word and learn what makes calcium and vitamin D work together for bones, which helps in raising awareness and maintaining its well-being on a larger scale.